WE TALK ABOUT DEHRADOON

 Dehradun is the capital of the Indian state of Uttarakhand, headquartered in the city of Dehradun. The district comprises six tehsils, six community development blocks, 17 towns, and 764 inhabited villages. Additionally, there are 18 uninhabited villages.[1] Located 230 kilometers from the national capital, this city has a rich mythological history. This city, endowed with natural beauty, is also known for its numerous renowned educational institutions. Several national institutions, such as the Oil and Natural Gas Commission, the Survey of India, and the Indian Institute of Petroleum, are located here. Dehradun also boasts several educational institutions, including the Forest Research Institute, the Indian National Military College, and the Indian Military Academy.[2] It is a renowned tourist destination. Its beautiful scenery attracts tourists, pilgrims, and enthusiasts from various walks of life. Its distinctive Basmati rice, tea, and litchi orchards further enhance its fame and enhance the city's beauty.

Dehradun is a combination of the two words "Dehra" and "Doon." The word Dehra is believed to be a corruption of "Dera." When Ram Rai, son of the Sikh Guru Har Rai, came to this area, he established his camp here for himself and his followers.[3] Over time, the town began to develop around this camp. Thus, the word "Dera" combined with "Doon" gave the place the name Dehradun.[3] Some historians also believe that the word "Dehra" is meaningful in itself and cannot be considered a corruption of "Dera." The word "Dehra" is still used in Hindi and Punjabi. In Hindi, "Dehra" means a place of worship or a temple, while in Punjabi it has been conveniently translated to mean a tomb, a temple, and a gurudwara. Similarly, the word "Doon" is derived from "Doon," a corruption of the Sanskrit word "Droni." In Sanskrit, "Droni" means a valley between two mountains. It is also believed that this was formerly the camp of sage Dronacharya.

History

Main article: History of Dehradun

The glorious history of Dehradun, the capital of Uttarakhand, encompasses numerous mythological tales and diverse cultures. Accounts of Dehradun date back to the Ramayana period, stating that Lord Rama and his younger brother Lakshmana visited this region after their battle with Ravana. This place is also associated with Dronacharya.[4]. Similarly, Rishikesh, located in Dehradun district, is mentioned in the Skanda Purana, stating that Lord Vishnu, responding to the requests of sages suffering from demons, killed demons like Madhu and Kaitabha and granted this land to the sages. Ancient temples, statues, or their ruins have been found at places in Dehradun district linked to the Ramayana and Mahabharata periods in the Puranas. These temples, statues, and ruins date back approximately two thousand years or so. The region's location, ancient social traditions, folklore, and songs, and contemporary literature corroborating these, indicate that this region witnessed numerous events from the Ramayana and Mahabharata periods. Even after the Mahabharata war, the Pandavas maintained influence over the region, and Subahu's descendants ruled here as vassals of the rulers of Hastinapur. The discovery of Ashoka's inscriptions at Kalsi, on the banks of the Yamuna River, confirms that this region was once quite prosperous. The famous Chinese traveler, Xuanzang, also visited this region as Sudhnagar in the seventh century. This Sudhnagar later became known as Kalsi. Ruins from the time of King Rasal have been discovered in Haripur, near Kalsi, reflecting the region's prosperity. Dehradun was severely attacked by Mahmud Ghaznavi in ​​1368, Timur Lang in 1757, the Rohilla chieftain Najib-ud-Daula in 1757, and Ghulam Qadir in 1785. Chaos prevailed in Dehradun until 1801. After 1816, the British conquered it and established the cities of Landour and Mussoorie in 1827-1828 for their own comfort. In the 1970s, it was included in the Garhwal Division. In 2000, Dehradun was made the capital of Uttaranchal, which was separated from Uttar Pradesh and is now Uttarakhand. Since becoming the capital, the city has been continuously developing.

Dehradun district is surrounded by the Himalayas to the north and the Shivalik Hills to the south. Some of its most famous hill towns are Mussoorie, Sahasradhara, Chakrata, Lakhamandal, and Dakpathar. The Ganges River in the east and the Yamuna River in the west form the natural boundary. The district is divided into two major parts, the main city Dehradun is an open valley surrounded by the Shivalik and Himalayas, and the other part is Jaunsar Bawar, which is located in the hilly part of the Himalayas. It is surrounded by Uttarkashi district in the north and north-west, Tehri and Pauri districts in the east. Its western border is bordered by Sirmaur district of Himachal Pradesh and the Tons and Yamuna rivers, and in the south by Haridwar district and Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh.

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